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Are heavyweight stars born like our Sun?
...Obscured by dust, catching the rapid formation of massive stars in the act is nigh on impossible, but new Gemini observations hint that these stellar heavyweights may be born in a similar way to lightweights like our Sun...
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Amateur astronomers discover stellar outburst
...Two amateur astronomers based in Florida yesterday helped set in motion a global network of ground- and space-based telescopes to point to a violent explosion of one of our Galaxy's distant stellar inhabitants...
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New stellar streams discovered in Andromeda
...New stellar streams observed in the halo of nearby galaxy Andromeda that show an intensification of the density of stars represent the tell tale signs of past galactic collisions...
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APEX lifts veil on
cold Universe

DR EMILY BALDWIN
ASTRONOMY NOW

Posted: JULY 2, 2009


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A new atlas of the inner depths of our Milky Way Galaxy reveals thousands of previously unseen knots of cold cosmic dust - the potential birthplaces of new stars.

The survey was conducted by an international team of astronomers using the LABOCA camera (Large APEX Bolometer Camera) on the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) telescope in Chile and has resulted in the largest map of cold dust ever produced at sub-millimeter wavelengths. The map covers a region along the Galactic plane some two degrees wide and 40 degrees long and is composed of 16,000 pixels.

Colour-composite annotated image of part of the Galactic Plane seen by the ATLASGAL survey, divided into sections. In this image, the ATLASGAL submillimetre-wavelength data are shown in red, overlaid on a view of the region in infrared light, from the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) in green and blue. Image: ESO/APEX & MSX/IPAC/NASA

Known as the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL), the map shows the Milky Way at wavelengths between those of infrared light and radio waves, allowing astronomers to detect the dust clouds that could harbour the birthplaces of new stars, as well as reveal the structure of the crowded galactic core in greater detail than ever.

"ATLASGAL gives us a new look at the Milky Way," says Frederic Schuller from the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie (MPIfR) and leader of the ATLASGAL team. "Not only will it help us investigate how massive stars form, but it will also give us an overview of the larger scale structure of our Galaxy."

Colour-composite image of the Galactic Centre and Sagittarius B2. The centre of the Milky Way is home to a supermassive black hole more than four million times the mass of our Sun. Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) is one of the largest clouds of molecular gas in the Milky Way. This dense region lies close to the Galactic Centre and is rich in many different interstellar molecules. Image: ESO/APEX & MSX/IPAC/NASA

The clumps of dust measure a couple of light years across and have masses of between ten and a few thousand times the mass of our Sun, enough to give birth to even clusters of stars. The survey also picks out diffuse emission connecting the clumps, along with filamentary structures and bubbles blown out in the interstellar medium by supernovae and the winds of bright stars.

The survey will provide an extensive target list for forthcoming missions such as ESA's Herschel Space Observatory and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA).

Colour-composite image of the nebulae NGC 6357 (left) and NGC 6334 (right). NGC 6357 is a diffuse nebula containing the open cluster Pismis 24, home to several very massive stars. NGC 6334 is an emission nebula also known as the "Cat's Paw Nebula". Image: ESO/APEX & MSX/IPAC/NASA

"Every single compact source in the ATLASGAL survey shows us a place at which new stars are presently being formed," says Karl Menten, APEX principal investigator, director at MPIfR and team member of the ATLASGAL project. "We just have to point APEX or Herschel and, in future, ALMA towards these positions to observe the molecules associated with the dust to get a full picture of star formation throughout our Milky Way."

2010 Yearbook
Our latest 132-page Astronomy Now special edition is an extravaganza of astronomy for the year ahead, with a complete 30-page guide to observing the planets, moon, meteor showers, two solar eclipses, and the deep sky in 2010.
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Hubble Reborn
Hubble Reborn takes the reader on a journey through the Universe with spectacular full-colour pictures of galaxies, nebulae, planets and stars as seen through Hubble's eyes, along the way telling the dramatic story of the space telescope, including interviews with key scientists and astronauts.
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3D Universe
Witness the most awesome sights of the Universe as they were meant to be seen in this 100-page extravaganza of planets, galaxies and star-scapes, all in 3D!
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Infinity Rising
This special publication features the photography of British astro-imager Nik Szymanek and covers a range of photographic methods from basic to advanced. Beautiful pictures of the night sky can be obtained with a simple camera and tripod before tackling more difficult projects, such as guided astrophotography through the telescope and CCD imaging.
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Starry Night
Explore the Universe with these new versions of the award-winning Starry Night Software. Available now from the Astronomy Now Store.
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Exploring Mars
Astronomy Now is pleased to announce the publication of Exploring Mars. The very best images of Mars taken by orbiting spacecraft and NASA's Spirit and Opportunity rovers fill up the 98 glossy pages of this special edition!
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Mars rover poster
This new poster features some of the best pictures from NASA's amazing Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity.
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