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NASA refines asteroid's path toward Earth
DR EMILY BALDWIN
ASTRONOMY NOW
Posted: October 08, 2009


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Using updated information, NASA scientists have recalculated the path of the large asteroid Apophis that significantly reduces its chances of striking Earth in 2036.

The doomsday asteroid is around 350 metres wide and first made the headlines in December 2004 when initial observations predicted a 2.7 percent chance of impacting the Earth in 2029.

Asteroid Apophis was discovered on June 19, 2004. Image: UH/IA

“Apophis has been one of those celestial bodies that has captured the public’s interest since it was discovered in 2004,” says Steve Chesley of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “Updated computational techniques and newly available data indicate the probability of an Earth encounter on April 13, 2036, for Apophis has dropped from one-in-45,000 to about four-in-a million.”

Collaborators at the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy in Manoa worked on hundreds of previously unreleased images derived from the University of Hawaii’s 88-inch telescope, the Steward Observatory’s 90-inch Bok telescope on Kitt Peak in Arizona and the Arecibo Observatory on the island of Puerto Rico to improve measurements of the asteroid's position. Although Earth may be off the hook for an impact in 2029, the revised orbit predicts a close encounter in 2068 with a chance of impact currently at three in a million. But as with the 2029 and 2036 predictions, the chance of impact in 2068 will likely diminish once more information is gathered.

Does Apophis have Earth in its sights for 2068 instead? AN graphic by Greg Smye-Rumsby.

Apophis is still expected to make a record close approach to Earth on Friday 13 April 2029, however, when it will pass within 29,500 kilometres. “The refined orbital determination further reinforces that Apophis is an asteroid we can look to as an opportunity for exciting science and not something that should be feared,” says Don Yeomans, manager of the Near-Earth Object Program Office at JPL. “The public can follow along as we continue to study Apophis and other near-Earth objects by visiting us on our AsteroidWatch Web site and by following us on the @AsteroidWatch Twitter feed.”

NASA is dedicated to detecting and tracking asteroids and comets that may pose a threat to the Earth as part of the Near-Earth Object Observations Program, otherwise known as Spaceguard. The objects' properties are characterised and their orbital parameters predicted based on observations and standard models of the gravitational influences within the Solar System.

The Planets
From tiny Mercury to distant Neptune and Pluto, The Planets profiles each of the Solar System's members in depth, featuring the latest imagery from space missions. The tallest mountains, the deepest canyons, the strongest winds, raging atmospheric storms, terrain studded with craters and vast worlds of ice are just some of the sights you'll see on this 100-page tour of the planets.
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Hubble Reborn
Hubble Reborn takes the reader on a journey through the Universe with spectacular full-colour pictures of galaxies, nebulae, planets and stars as seen through Hubble's eyes, along the way telling the dramatic story of the space telescope, including interviews with key scientists and astronauts.
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3D Universe
Witness the most awesome sights of the Universe as they were meant to be seen in this 100-page extravaganza of planets, galaxies and star-scapes, all in 3D!
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Infinity Rising
This special publication features the photography of British astro-imager Nik Szymanek and covers a range of photographic methods from basic to advanced. Beautiful pictures of the night sky can be obtained with a simple camera and tripod before tackling more difficult projects, such as guided astrophotography through the telescope and CCD imaging.
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Starry Night
Explore the Universe with these new versions of the award-winning Starry Night Software. Available now from the Astronomy Now Store.
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Exploring Mars
Astronomy Now is pleased to announce the publication of Exploring Mars. The very best images of Mars taken by orbiting spacecraft and NASA's Spirit and Opportunity rovers fill up the 98 glossy pages of this special edition!
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Mars rover poster
This new poster features some of the best pictures from NASA's amazing Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity.
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